Isophane Human Insulin  

Humulin

Humulin is FDA-approved for regulating blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Humulin is the brand name of various insulin products, including Humulin R, Humulin N or insulin isophane (NPH), and Humulin 30/70. It contains insulin human which works the same as naturally occurring insulin. The insulin dosage depends upon the patient’s needs, condition and response to treatment. Before taking the medication, discuss your queries and concerns regarding the medication and let them know about your medical history and the medications you are using. Follow the directions given by your healthcare provider for a safe and efficient use of Humulin. 

Product Overview

Humulin is a line of insulin products designed to regulate blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. It is suitable for treating both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in adults and type 1 diabetes in children. Humulin can also be used to manage hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and diabetic ketoacidosis. However, it is not recommended for children under two years or for treating type 2 diabetes in children of any age.

Humulin has various forms, including Humulin R, Humulin NPH, and Humulin 30/70. Dosages vary based on individual needs and diabetes type, with adjustments made according to the patient’s response to treatment. Humulin aids glucose absorption from the bloodstream into cells, providing energy and stabilizing blood sugar levels. 

It’s essential to follow proper administration techniques, such as rotating injection sites and ensuring the correct dosage, to avoid complications like hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Common side effects of Humulin insulin include low blood sugar, itching, rashes, and swelling in the hands and feet. Patients should take precautions, such as regular blood sugar monitoring and avoiding alcohol consumption while on Humulin. Consulting a healthcare professional for personalized advice and dosage adjustments is crucial.

Uses of Humulin

Targeted Treatment

To regulate the blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. 

Benefits

Your doctor may also prescribe it for the following conditions: 

• To treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes in adults 
• To treat type 1 diabetes in children. (Not type 2)
• Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
• Diabetic ketoacidosis

[Important Warning: Humulin is not used in children below two years and children of any age to treat type 2 diabetes.] 

Humulin Dosage

Forms & Strengths

Form: Humulin R

Strength: 100 IU/ml

Form: Humulin N (basal insulin)

Strength: 100 IU/ml

Form: Humulin 30/70 

Strength: 30% regular insulin and 70% isophane insulin

Recommended Dosages

Dosage for Type 1 Diabetes 

• SC Initial dose: 0.2-0.4 units/kg/day 
• SC Maintenance dose: 0.5-1 unit/kg/day 

Dosage for Type 2 Diabetes

• SC Initial dose: 10 units/day 
• IV infusion: based on the patient’s age, condition, needs and response to treatment.  

[Note: Remember, these recommendations may vary from person to person. Discuss it with your doctor, and they’ll customize your dosage accordingly.]

How to Take It?

• Carefully read the instructions for use that come with the prescription and follow your doctor’s directions.
• Properly wash your hands with soap and water before administering the insulin. 
• Check the insulin for any unusual change in appearance. Do not use the medication if the solution appears discolored, cloudy or has particles. 
• When injecting subcutaneously, you can inject the insulin into the stomach area, front thigh, upper arm and buttocks. 
• Before injecting, you should check if you have the correct type and brand of insulin. 
• You should carefully measure your dosage, as slight changes in the medication may lead to hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. 
• Constantly rotate the injection spot each time you inject the medication to prevent getting lumps and pits under your skin. 
• Clean the injection spot with rubbing alcohol before injecting. 
• Inject the medication as directed by your doctor. 
• Do not rub the spot after injecting. 
• It is crucial to check your blood glucose regularly and share your report with your doctor to help them determine your correct dosage.
• Let your doctor know if your condition does not improve or worsen. 

[Note: Your doctor will decide the right amount for you based on your condition, following guidelines and studies on the drug. They’ll adjust it as needed over time.]

How Does Humulin Work?

Humulin insulin is a short-acting insulin that starts to act within 30 minutes of injection, and its effect may last up to 8 hours. It helps glucose enter your bloodstream so your body can utilize it for energy. It suppresses glucose production in your liver and helps manage blood sugar levels.

Important Safety Information

Side Effects

Common side effects of Humulin may include: 

• Low blood sugar
• Itching
• Rash 
• Injection site reaction
• Swelling on the hands and feet 
• Blurred vision
• Rapid heartbeat 
• Headache 

Serious Side Effects of Humulin may include: 

• Severe allergic reaction
• Severe hypoglycemia
• Heart failure 
• Hypokalemia 
• Peripheral edema

[Note: This list may not cover all possible side effects. Always consult with your healthcare giver for medical advice about side effects.]

Warnings

• Do not share your syringes, injectable pen, cartridge and needles with anyone, as it may spread infection from one person to another. 
• You should not use Humulin during an episode of hypoglycemia. 
• All insulin products, including Humulin, may cause hypokalemia. If it is left untreated, it can lead to respiratory paralysis, ventricular arrhythmia, and ultimately death. 
• Humulin should not be used along with certain antidiabetics, such as Thiazolidinediones, as it may cause heart failure. 
• Stop using this medication immediately if you notice signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction, and contact your doctor at once.
• Do not change your dosage or stop or start a new insulin without consulting your doctor, as it may lead to unwanted side effects.
• Before using this medication, check the insulin for any change in appearance. Do not use the insulin if it is discolored, cloudy or has particles. 
• You should constantly rotate the injection site to prevent lumps and pits from forming under your skin.  

Precautions

• If you are allergic to Humulin or its ingredients, inform your doctor before using it. 
• Before using Humulin, let your doctor know about your medical history, especially if you have a condition related to the heart, kidney or liver. Your doctor will decide whether or not this medication is safe for you to use. 
• Patients with renal or hepatic impairment may require frequent dosage adjustments and regular monitoring. 
• Tell your doctor if you think you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant or breastfeeding a baby. You may require an adjustment to your dosage to regulate blood sugar levels. 
• To ensure safe and efficient medication use, you should regularly check your blood sugar levels and share the report with your doctor. 
• To get the best results and maintain consistency, it is crucial to take the medication regularly.
• Do not consume alcohol while taking Humulin, as it may cause unwanted side effects. 
• Do not drive, operate heavy machinery and indulge in activities that require your concentration unless you determine how this medication affects you. 
• Let your doctor know if your condition does not improve or worsens after receiving treatment from this medication.  
• Do not allow your Humulin to freeze. Do not use the insulin if it is frozen, as using a frozen insulin can be painful. Discard it safely and get a new one from your pharmacist. 

Contraindications 

Humulin is contraindicated for use in patients:

• During episodes of hypoglycemia
• Who have known hypersensitivity to Humulin, insulin isophane or any of the inactive ingredients present in the medication. 

Missed Dose

• Maintaining consistency of the medication is very crucial for regulating blood sugar levels. 
• If you missed a dose of Humulin, check your blood glucose levels and decide accordingly. 
• If the blood sugar levels are in the normal range, you can skip the dose and take the next dose on time. If it is high, you should take it as soon as possible. 
• If it is almost time for the next dose, you can skip your missed dose and continue as per your regular dosing schedule. 
• Do not take two doses of the same medication to compensate for the missed dose, as it may cause hypoglycemia. 

[Note: If you have missed a medication dose and are unsure when to take the next one, immediately consult your doctor or pharmacist.]

Overdose 

Overdose of Humulin may cause hypoglycemia, and if left untreated, it may lead to life-threatening hypoglycemia. Symptoms of overdose may include signs of severe low blood sugar such as drowsiness, blurred vision, trouble speaking, seizure and loss of consciousness. If someone has taken the medication more than recommended and has passed out, has difficulty breathing, has seizures or can’t be woken up, immediately call 911 or head to the nearest emergency room.     

[Note: If you consumed more than the recommended dose, get medical help right away or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.]

Storage

• Keep all insulins, including Humulin, away from the sight and reach of children. 
• Keep unopened Humulin in the refrigerator until its expiration date, but do not allow it to freeze. Do not use frozen insulin, as it can be painful. Safely discard it and get a new one from your pharmacist. 
• You may also keep Humulin at room temperature and use it within 28 days. Do not use it after 28 days, even if insulin is left in it. 
• Do not store the medicine in the bathroom or any place with moisture, as it may decrease effectiveness. 
• Keep the medication away from direct sunlight and excess heat. 
• Do not keep medications that are outdated or no longer needed. 
• Do not flush the medicine unless instructed to do so. 
• Do not throw the medication in wastewater or household garbage bins. 
• You can contact your healthcare provider or the local waste disposal company for guidance on safely disposing of the medication. 

[Note: Discuss with your healthcare professional the proper disposal of unused medicine and any questions you may have regarding its storage.]

Humulin Interactions

• Antidiabetic agents
• ACE inhibitors
• Alcohol
• Beta-blockers
• Antidepressants
• Certain antidiabetics
• Fluoxetine 
• Glucagon
• Quinine 
• Pentamidine
• MAOIs
• Antipsychotics
• Corticosteroids 
• Aspirin
• Diuretics
• Estrogens 
• Rosiglitazone
• Pioglitazone
• Protease inhibitors
• Thyroid hormones
• Reserpine
• Oral contraceptives
• Vorinostat 

[Note: This isn’t the complete list, and there could be other drugs that interact with Humulin. Tell your doctor any prescription, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal products you’re taking.]

Humulin Alternatives

• Novolin R (insulin human)
• Fiasp (insulin aspart)
• NovoLog (insulin aspart)
• Apidra (insulin glulisine)
• Humalog (insulin lispro)
• Tresiba (insulin degludec)
• Levemir (insulin detemir)
• Lantus (insulin glargine)

[Note: Your doctor will choose what’s best for you. Don’t use any of these alternative medications without consulting your healthcare provider. Taking them by yourself may cause serious side effects.]

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is there anything to avoid when taking Humulin?

The use of this medication should be avoided if you consume alcohol while taking it. Consuming alcohol when on this medication can increase your risk of experiencing hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which is a dangerous condition.

2. Is there a recommended time for taking Humulin insulin?

Humulin® I is a basal insulin that works continuously throughout the day to control blood glucose between meals. The most common time to inject Humulin® I is before bed, but the injection can be taken before breakfast or in the evening based on your needs. It is usually taken before bed, but you can also take it before breakfast or dinner.

3. Are there any risks associated with the use of Humulin N insulin?

Side effects of Humulin N insulin:

• You may experience fluid retention if you experience weight gain, swelling in your hands or feet, or shortness of breath.
• Low potassium can cause muscle weakness, constipation, leg cramps, increased thirst and urination, irregular heartbeats, numbness or tingling, and fluttering in your chest.

4. Is Humulin Insulin available in a wide range of dosages?

The usual starting dose of Humulin R for type 2 diabetes is about 0.1 to 0.2 units per kilogram of body weight per day. For instance, if someone weighs around 68.2 kilograms (roughly 150 pounds), their initial Humulin R dose typically ranges from 7 to 14 units daily. Remember, 1 kilogram equals about 2.2 pounds.

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