Xifaxanta

Xifaxanta is a prescription antibiotic that contains rifaximin. It belongs to the class of medicines known as rifamycin antibacterial agents. Xifaxanta works locally in the gastrointestinal tract and is minimally absorbed into the bloodstream. It is used to treat certain gastrointestinal conditions caused by bacteria. This medication should be used under medical supervision with a valid prescription.

Xifaxanta (rifaximin) is approved for the following medical uses:

• Hepatic Encephalopathy
  • Used to reduce the recurrence of episodes of overt hepatic encephalopathy in adults with chronic liver disease.
• Traveler’s Diarrhea
  • Used for the treatment of traveler’s diarrhea caused by non-invasive strains of Escherichia coli in patients aged 12 years and older.
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D)
  • Used for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea in adults.

Xifaxanta (rifaximin) works by binding to the beta-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This action inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis, preventing bacteria from producing essential proteins needed for survival and growth. As a result, the bacteria are unable to multiply and eventually die.

Since rifaximin is minimally absorbed into the bloodstream, its effects are concentrated in the intestines. This makes it particularly useful for treating conditions involving the gut, while limiting systemic side effects.

In specific conditions:

• Traveler’s diarrhea: It reduces the number of non-invasive bacteria in the intestines that cause infection.
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D): It helps modulate gut bacteria that may contribute to symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
• Hepatic encephalopathy: It decreases ammonia-producing bacteria in the gut, which helps reduce blood ammonia levels and lowers the risk of recurrent episodes.

In simple terms, Xifaxanta works locally in the intestine to control harmful bacteria and improve gastrointestinal symptoms.

The recommended dose of Xifaxanta depends on the condition being treated. Always use this medicine exactly as prescribed by your provider.

You must follow these administration guidelines for the effective use of Xifaxanta tablets:

• Xifaxanta tablets can be taken with or without food.
• Swallow the tablet with a glass of water.
• Do not chew, crush, or break the Xifaxanta tablets.
• Complete the full course of treatment, even if your symptoms improve, unless your doctor tells you to stop.
• If you are being treated for hepatic encephalopathy, continue taking any other prescribed medicines (such as lactulose) as directed.

If you miss an Xifaxanta dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next one, skip the Xifaxanta missed dose. Do not take two tablets to make up for a missed tablet.

Severe Diarrhea and Clostridioides difficile–Associated Diarrhea (CDAD)

• Antibacterial medicines, including rifaximin, may be associated with Clostridioides difficile–associated diarrhea.
• This condition may range from mild diarrhea to severe colitis. If severe or persistent diarrhea occurs during or after treatment, medical evaluation is required.

Not Effective for Invasive Bacterial Infections

• Xifaxanta should not be used in people with diarrhea complicated by fever or blood in the stool, or when infection with invasive pathogens (such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, or Shigella) is suspected.

Severe Hepatic Impairment

• Use caution in people with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C), as systemic exposure to rifaximin may increase.

Hypersensitivity Reactions

• Serious allergic reactions, including rash, pruritus, angioedema, and in rare cases anaphylaxis, have been reported. Discontinue treatment immediately if hypersensitivity occurs.

• Use caution in people with severe liver impairment.
• Long-term or repeated use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms.
• If symptoms worsen or persist during treatment for traveler’s diarrhea, alternative therapy should be considered.
• Inform your provider about all medicines you are taking, including other antibiotics.

Do not take Xifaxanta (rifaximin) if you:

• Are allergic to rifaximin, other rifamycin antibiotics (such as rifampicin), or any ingredient in the formulation.
• Have diarrhea accompanied by fever or blood in the stool, where invasive bacterial infection is suspected.
• Have known hypersensitivity to any component of the product.

Xifaxanta (rifaximin) is minimally absorbed into the bloodstream, so systemic toxicity is uncommon even at higher doses.

Possible Symptoms of Xifaxanta Overdose

• Nausea
• Abdominal pain or discomfort
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Rarely, allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)

There is no specific antidote for Xifaxanta overdose. Treatment is supportive and based on symptoms. If you think you have taken too much Xifaxanta, contact your healthcare provider immediately, seek medical attention, or contact your local poison control center.

Although Xifaxanta (rifaximin) is minimally absorbed into the bloodstream, certain medicines may interact with Xifaxanta, particularly in patients with liver impairment.

• Inform your provider about all prescription and OTC medicines, including herbal supplements.
• No clinically significant interactions have been observed in most patients because of rifaximin's low systemic absorption.

Xifaxanta Alternatives for Traveler’s Diarrhea

• Zithromax (azithromycin)
• Cipro (ciprofloxacin)
• Levaquin (levofloxacin)
• Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate)
• Imodium (loperamide)

Xifaxanta Alternatives for Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D)

• Viberzi (eluxadoline)
• Lotronex (alosetron)
• Imodium (loperamide)
• Lomotil (diphenoxylate/atropine)
• Bentyl (dicyclomine)

Xifaxanta Alternatives for Hepatic Encephalopathy

• Chronulac (lactulose)
• Neo-Fradin (neomycin)
• Flagyl (metronidazole)

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Xifaxanta orders ship quickly and typically arrive within 3–5 business days via Xpress Post, helping ensure you receive your medication on time. Delivery times may vary depending on location within the U.S.

• https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.4752.pdf
• https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/psg/PSG_021361.pdf
• https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a604027.html
• https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/rifaximin-oral-route/description/drg-20065817