Citalopram Hydrobromide

Citalopram Hydrobromide is a prescription antidepressant medication used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. It belongs to a class of medications called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which are commonly used to treat depression. It is available in tablet form and is typically taken once daily under the guidance of a healthcare provider. It is also marketed under the brand name Celexa.

Below is a quick overview of important facts for patients and caregivers:

Citalopram Hydrobromide tablets are prescribed for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults. It may help improve common symptoms of depression, including:

• Persistent sadness or depressed mood
• Loss of interest in usual activities
• Low energy or fatigue
• Changes in sleep patterns
• Difficulty concentrating
• Changes in appetite

Some patients may begin noticing improvement in symptoms within 1 to 4 weeks, although full therapeutic benefits may take several weeks of consistent treatment.

The exact mechanism is not fully understood. Citalopram HBr is believed to work by affecting serotonin activity in the brain. It may work by:

• Inhibiting serotonin reuptake: It blocks the reabsorption of serotonin by nerve cells in the central nervous system.
• Increasing serotonin availability: This action helps increase the amount of serotonin available between nerve cells in the brain.
• Supporting mood regulation: Higher serotonin activity may help improve mood and reduce symptoms associated with major depressive disorder.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions. General guidelines include:

• Citalopram HBr tablets are usually taken once daily.
• The medication may be taken with or without meals.
• Do not change, stop, or skip your dose without consulting your doctor.
• A healthcare provider may adjust the dose to determine the most appropriate amount for treatment.

The dosage of Citalopram Hydrobromide depends on the patient’s condition, response to treatment, and individual health factors. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions.

Important information:

• Doses above 40 mg per day are not recommended because they increase the risk of QT prolongation (heart rhythm changes).
• Treatment should not be stopped abruptly. Healthcare providers usually recommend gradually reducing the dose when discontinuing therapy.

Taking more than the recommended dose may cause serious symptoms. Symptoms of overdose may include:

• Seizures, which may sometimes occur after a delay
• Serotonin syndrome, especially when combined with other serotonergic medications
• Altered mental status, including confusion or coma
• QT interval prolongation, torsade de pointes, or other serious heart rhythm abnormalities
• Severe dizziness or fainting

If an overdose is suspected, seek immediate emergency medical help or contact a poison control center.

Like many antidepressants, Citalopram HBr tablets may cause side effects in some individuals. Many side effects are mild and may improve as the body adjusts to treatment.

Common Side Effects

Commonly reported Citalopram Hydrobromide side effects are listed below:

• Nausea
• Dry mouth
• Drowsiness
• Insomnia
• Increased sweating
• Tremor
• Fatigue
• Diarrhea
• Delayed ejaculation or other sexual dysfunction

Serious Side Effects

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of the following:

• Heart rhythm problems (QT prolongation): Fast or irregular heartbeat, dizziness, fainting, or potentially life-threatening arrhythmias.
• Angle-closure glaucoma: Sudden eye pain, vision changes, or eye redness
• Increased risk of bleeding: Especially when taken with blood thinners, aspirin, or NSAIDs
• Manic episodes: Increased energy, racing thoughts, reduced need for sleep, or unusual behavior changes
• Low sodium levels (hyponatremia): Symptoms may include headache, confusion, weakness, or difficulty concentrating
• Serotonin syndrome: Symptoms may include agitation, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, sweating, fever, muscle stiffness, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
• Seizures (convulsions)

This is not a complete list of side effects. Contact your healthcare provider for medical advice about adverse reactions. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or visit MedWatch.

While taking this medication, the following warnings and precautions should be considered:

• Seizure disorders: Use cautiously in patients with a history of seizures.
• Bleeding risk: Using citalopram with blood thinners, aspirin, or NSAIDs may increase the risk of bleeding.
• Angle-closure glaucoma: Citalopram may trigger an angle-closure glaucoma attack in susceptible individuals.
• Low sodium levels (hyponatremia): SSRIs may lower sodium levels in the blood, particularly in older adults.
• Mania or bipolar disorder: Antidepressants may trigger manic or hypomanic episodes in patients with bipolar disorder.
• Bipolar disorder screening: Patients should be screened for a personal or family history of bipolar disorder, mania, or hypomania before starting treatment with Citalopram.
• Discontinuation symptoms: Stopping citalopram suddenly may cause withdrawal symptoms such as dizziness, anxiety, irritability, or sleep disturbances.
• Serotonin syndrome: Combining citalopram with other serotonergic medications may cause a potentially life-threatening condition called serotonin syndrome.
• Heart rhythm changes (QT prolongation): Higher doses may increase the risk of serious arrhythmias. Patients with congenital long QT syndrome, heart conditions, or electrolyte imbalances may require careful monitoring or may need to avoid this medication.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Patients should consult a healthcare provider before using Citalopram Hydrobromide during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Exposure to SSRIs during late pregnancy has been associated with complications in newborns, including persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and neonatal adaptation syndrome. It may pass into breast milk and could affect a nursing infant. Healthcare providers can help determine the most appropriate treatment during pregnancy or lactation.

Citalopram Hydrobromide may interact with certain medications and increase the risk of side effects. Important drug interactions include:

• Pimozide: Combining these medications may increase the risk of dangerous heart rhythm problems.
• QT-prolonging medications: Certain drugs that affect heart rhythm may increase the risk of arrhythmias.
• Blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs: Aspirin, NSAIDs, and anticoagulants like warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding.
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Citalopram tablets should not be used with MAOIs (including linezolid or intravenous methylene blue) due to the risk of serotonin syndrome.
• Other serotonergic medications: Drugs such as other SSRIs, SNRIs, triptans, lithium, tramadol, and St. John’s Wort may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome.

Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all substances, supplements, over-the-counter drugs, and medications they use before starting Citalopram Hydrobromide tablets.

Several antidepressant medications may be considered as alternatives depending on a patient’s condition and treatment response.

These medicines contain different active ingredients and should not be substituted without medical guidance. Brand availability may vary depending on location and pharmacy supply. A healthcare provider will determine the most appropriate option based on the patient’s symptoms and treatment response.

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All Citalopram Hydrobromide orders require a valid prescription. Medications are dispensed by licensed pharmacies that comply with applicable pharmacy regulations and safety standards.

• https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=8719bd44-36b6-468d-9203-8c53a2645184
• https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2005/021763lbl.pdf