Metoprolol Tartrate

Metoprolol Tartrate

Metoprolol Tartrate is a prescription drug that comes as immediate-release oral tablets. This medication is used to treat conditions like high blood pressure (hypertension) & angina (chest pain). It can be used in combination with other drugs prescribed by a medical professional. Besides, it helps prevent the risk of strokes, kidney problems, and heart attacks. There are two brand-name forms of Metoprolol, which are quite similar but differ in salt forms. Metoprolol Tartrate is known by the brand name Lopressor, and Metoprolol succinate is known by the brand Toprol-XL. While both have different salt forms, they treat the same condition. However, ensure that you are following your medical practitioner’s guidance to avoid any problems.     

Metoprolol Tartrate Overview

Metoprolol Tartrate is a prescription medication approved by the FDA for managing hypertension, angina pectoris, and early intervention in myocardial infarction. It contains the active ingredient metoprolol tartrate, a beta-blocker that effectively reduces blood pressure, alleviates chest pain, and improves survival after a heart attack. People might get confused between its two forms, Metoprolol Tartrate and Metoprolol Succinate. While both are almost similar, they differ in their salt formations. The first form is an immediate-release version of the medication, and the latter comes as an extended-release version of Metoprolol, which stays in the bloodstream for a longer period of time.

Metoprolol Tartrate is available in tablet form and intravenous injections. Tablet strengths include 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg, while the intravenous form is administered in 5 mg doses. It should be taken with or followed by meals for optimal absorption. Moreover, dosages may vary from patient to patient based on the condition being treated. Generally, adults are prescribed an initial dose of 100 mg per day, with possible adjustments. It is suitable for adults, and a healthcare provider should carefully monitor and adjust the dosage.

Common side effects include dizziness, fatigue, depression, and shortness of breath. Patients are advised to avoid abrupt discontinuation of the medication, as this can result in adverse cardiovascular events. If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as possible unless it is time for the next dose. In case of an overdose, immediate medical attention is necessary. Always follow the prescribed dosage schedule and consult a healthcare professional for any concerns or unusual symptoms.

Uses of Metoprolol Tartrate

It is used to treat:

• High blood pressure
• Prevents strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems
• Chest pain 
• Improves survival after a heart attack

Metoprolol Tartrate Dosage

Strengths and Forms

Metoprolol Tartrate comes in various strengths that are as follows:

• 25 mg
• 37.5 mg
• 50 mg
• 75 mg, and 
• 100 mg

Recommended Metoprolol Tartrate Dosage for Different Patients

For Hypertension

• Take a 100 mg dose daily with or immediately after meals,  either in single or divided doses.
• Doctors may increase the dosage weekly or at longer intervals until the required blood pressure level is achieved. The effective dosage ranges from 100 to 450 mg each day. 
• Do not exceed the maximum daily dose, i.e., 450 mg daily. 

For Angina Pectoris

• The standard starting dose of this medication is 100 mg daily, divided into two doses.
• Doctors may adjust the dosage at weekly intervals until the required results are achieved.
• The effective dosage ranges from 100 to 400 mg each day.
• Do not take more than the maximum daily dose, i.e., 400 mg daily.
• If the treatment needs to be stopped, doctors may gradually reduce the dosage over 1 or 2 weeks.

For Myocardial Infarction

• In the initial stages of harmful myocardial infarction, Lopressor treatment will be initiated immediately. 
• Treatment will done under coronary care with intravenous administration of three 5 mg bolus injections of Lopressor.
• Doctors will administer these injections at 2-minute intervals.
• For patients who tolerate the full intravenous dose (15 mg), initiate Lopressor tablets at 50 mg every 6 hours. This should start 15 minutes after the last intravenous dose and continue for 48 hours. Thereafter, switch to a maintenance dosage of 100 mg twice daily.
• For patients who do not tolerate the full intravenous dose, start with Lopressor tablets at 25 or 50 mg every 6 hours, beginning 15 minutes after the last intravenous dose or as soon as the clinical condition allows.
• For patients who cannot receive early treatment or cannot tolerate the full early dose, start Lopressor tablets at 100 mg twice daily as soon as clinically feasible.

[Note: Remember, these recommendations may vary from person to person. Discuss it with your doctor, and they’ll customize your dosage accordingly.]

How to Take Metoprolol Tartrate?

• Ask your pharmacist for the patient information leaflet and read it carefully for important details.
• Follow your doctor’s advice and take your doses as instructed.
• Take the Metoprolol Tartrate oral tablets by mouth, usually one to three times daily.
• Swallow them as a whole with or immediately post your meal, as directed by your healthcare practitioner.
• Take the medication with a glass of water unless instructed otherwise.
• Do not overlook your doctor’s instructions; follow your dosing schedule regardless of the medication form.
• Avoid chewing or crushing the tablets.
• If you are unable to swallow your tablets, talk to your medical practitioner. They will surely suggest alternate options.
• Do not abruptly discontinue the use of Metoprolol Tartrate without consulting your doctor. This can result in serious side effects, which may include heart attack or severe chest pain.
• If you are taking other medications with Metoprolol, follow the instructions provided by your medical practitioner.
• Take your medicines at the same time each day for effective results.
• Keep using the medication even if you feel well. Many people with hypertension may not feel sick.

[Note: Your doctor will decide the right amount for you based on your condition, following guidelines and studies on the drug. They’ll adjust it as needed over time.]

How Does Metoprolol Tartrate Work?

Metoprolol Tartrate and Succinate both belong to the same class of drugs known as beta-blockers. A class of drugs is a group of medications that are used to treat similar medical conditions and work in the same way. The main reason for high blood pressure is tightened blood vessels. When these blood vessels contract, they strain the heart and raise the body’s demand for oxygen. Here comes the role of beta-blockers. These blockers work by preventing epinephrine, which is an adrenalin, from acting on beta receptors that are present in blood vessels and the heart. This whole process helps relax blood vessels, thus reducing the heart rate and the heart’s demand for oxygen. As a result, patients experience reduced blood pressure and chest pain.  

Metoprolol Tartrate Side Effects

Some common side effects of Metoprolol Tartrate may include:

• Diarrhea
• Dizziness
• Tiredness
• Constipation
• Shortness of breath
• Cough
• Wheezing
• Loss of interest in sex
• Rash
• Headache
• Insomnia
• Cold hands and feet
• Swelling in arms or legs
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Gas

Some serious side effects of Metoprolol Tartrate may include:

• Mood changes 
• Low blood pressure (hypotension). Its signs may include:
  • Severe dizziness
  • Fainting
  • Lightheadedness
  • Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
• Extreme fatigue. Its symptoms may include:
  • Feeling tired than usual
  • Tiredness that worsens with the passing day
• Depression. Signs are:
  • Continuous feelings of sadness or anxiety
  • Feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness
  • Lack of interest in things that you enjoy doing
  • Irregular eating patterns
  • Finding hard to concentrate
• Allergic reaction. Signs may include:
  • Rash
  • Itching
  • Swelling
  • Trouble breathing

[Note: Remember, this list may not cover all possible side effects. Always consult with your healthcare giver for medical advice about side effects.]

Metoprolol Tartrate Warnings

• Heart Failure: Metoprolol can weaken the heart’s ability to contract and may lead to heart failure or cardiogenic shock. If you are experiencing any signs or symptoms of heart failure, talk to your medical practitioner. They may lower your doses or suggest alternate options.
• Surgery: The need and desirability of discontinuing beta-blocking therapy, including Lopressor, before major surgeries is a bit controversial. The impaired ability of the heart to respond to stress may increase the risks of general anesthesia and surgery. Talk to your medical practitioner and follow their expert advice. 
• Bradycardia: People using this medication have reported bradycardia, including heart block, cardiac arrest, and sinus pause. So, if you have first-degree atrioventricular block or sinus node dysfunction, you are at increased risk. Discuss with your healthcare provider; they may reduce your doses or make you stop taking Metoprolol.
• Diabetes and Hypoglycemia: Beta-blockers can hide some signs of low blood glucose, such as a fast heartbeat, but not others, like dizziness and sweating. Consult with a medical professional before starting your treatment with this medication.
• Pheochromocytoma: If you have this rare tumor, use Metoprolol with an alpha-blocker only once the alpha-blocker has been initiated. Using these beta-blockers alone with such conditions may raise blood pressure.
• Thyrotoxicosis: Metoprolol can hide signs of an overactive thyroid, such as a fast heartbeat. Do not stop taking it suddenly, as it might trigger a severe reaction known as a thyroid storm.

Metoprolol Tartrate Boxed Warning

Metoprolol has received a black box warning from the FDA. A boxed warning is the most critical warning that the FDA issues to make patients and doctors cautious about the serious side effects of particular medications. Patients with coronary artery disease should not abruptly discontinue the use of this medication, as doing so can exacerbate conditions like angina, ventricular arrhythmias, and myocardial infarction. If patients want to stop their treatment with Metoprolol Tartrate, the dosage should be gradually lowered over a period of 1 to 2 weeks, followed by close monitoring. Since many people have coronary artery disease without them knowing, it is generally best not to stop the use of this medication suddenly, even if you are only taking it for high blood pressure.

Metoprolol Tartrate Precautions

• Before taking this medication, make sure to inform your doctor if you are allergic to any of the ingredients of Metoprolol or other beta-blockers like atenolol or propranolol. This product may contain certain inactive components that can cause severe allergic reactions.
• Inform a professional healthcare provider about your medical history before starting your treatment with this medication. If you have or had any of the following conditions, immediately discuss it with a professional:
  • Slow heartbeat
  • Second/third-degree atrioventricular block
  • Asthma
  • Chronic bronchitis
  • Sick sinus syndrome
  • Emphysema
  • Liver disease
  • Heart failure
  • Blood circulation problems
  • Mood disorders
  • Myasthenic gravis
• Before undergoing any surgery or medical procedure, inform your healthcare practitioner about the products you use, including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, or herbal products.
• Avoid drinking alcohol or taking marijuana while taking Metoprolol, as it can make you dizzy. In such situations, do not drive or use machinery that requires alertness. 
• If you have diabetes, this medicine may make it harder to control blood glucose levels. Therefore, closely monitor your blood sugar as directed by your doctor. Inform your doctor/physician immediately if you notice signs of high blood sugar, which may include increased thirst or urination. They may change your diabetes medication, exercise routine, or diet.
• Children using this medicine may have a higher risk of low blood glucose, especially if they are vomiting or not eating regularly. To help prevent such conditions, ensure children eat regularly. If your child cannot eat regularly, is vomiting, or shows symptoms of low blood sugar (such as sweating or shaking), contact the doctor immediately.
• During pregnancy, use this medication only if needed, as it may harm the unborn baby. Discuss every risk and benefit with your doctor.
• This medicine enters into breast milk but is unlikely to harm the child. Consult a medical professional before breastfeeding.
• Do not use this medication immediately when you feel chest pain or migraines. Use other drugs to relieve the sudden attacks. For example, you can place nitroglycerin tablets under your tongue for chest pain and sumatriptan for migraines.
• Seek medical assistance if the condition is not improving or if it gets worse. 

Metoprolol Tartrate Contraindications

Certain groups of people should not use this medication. This includes:

• People with heart failure should remain cautious while taking this medicine as it can exacerbate the symptoms of such medical conditions.
• People with Asthma
• Patients having diabetes
• People whose heart rates are slower than usual (bradycardia) or have low blood pressure.
• Patients with liver diseases
• Patients suffering from overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)

Metoprolol Tartrate Missed Dose

Patients are strictly advised not to skip any of their doses as skipping or taking doses at different times may lead to serious risks of blood pressure fluctuations. This will ultimately increase the chances of a heart attack. However, if someone has mistakenly missed a dose of their medication, they can follow the below steps:

• Take the missed dose as soon as possible, whenever remembered.
• If it is time for the next dose, do not take the missed medicine and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Remember, this will work if you have missed only a dose of your medication.
• Do not try to double dose; this can lead to adverse reactions.
• Take the help of medication apps or set reminders on the phone to avoid missing doses.
• If you habitually forget things, talk to your medical provider, as they may suggest better options.   

[Note: If you have missed a dose of your medication and are unsure about when to take the next one, immediately consult your doctor or pharmacist.]

Metoprolol Tartrate Overdose 

Exceeding the maximum daily dose of Metoprolol Tartrate is not a minor problem; it needs immediate attention. Overdosing this medication can lead to drug buildup in the body, which can be dangerous. Due to drug accumulation, patients can experience unusual symptoms of overdose, which may include:

• Irregular heart rhythms
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Extremely low blood pressure

In such situations, people must be calm and seek medical help as soon as possible. For quick medical assistance, patients can call 911.

[Note: If you consumed more than the recommended dose, get medical help right away or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.]

Metoprolol Tartrate Storage

• Store the oral tablets at room temperature of 20°C and 25°C.
• You can also briefly store the medicines at a temperature as low as 15°C or as high as 30°C.
• Make sure to keep the medication in a locked container.
• Keep it away from children and pets’ reach.
• Do not keep the drug under direct sunlight.
• Avoid keeping your medication in damp areas like the bathroom or near the sink.
• Do not flush the tablets or their containers down the toilet.
• Read your product’s label for detailed storage instructions.
• Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist how to properly dispose of the product when it is not in use.
• Avoid keeping expired products or medication.
• Keep it away from heat and light.
• Do not refrigerate it.

[Note: Discuss with your healthcare professional about the proper disposal of any unused medicine and any questions you may have regarding its storage.]

Metoprolol Tartrate Interactions

• Deutetrabenazine
• Reserpine
• Tetrabenazine
• Valbenazine
• Digoxin 
• Amlodipine
• Diltiazem
• Nicardipine
• Fluoxetine
• Paroxetine
• Sertraline
• Haloperidol
• Diphenhydramine
• Terbinafine
• Hydralazine
• Reserpine
• Methyldopa
• Prazosin
• Dipyridamole
• Bromocriptine
• Cabergoline
• Ergotamine
• Methylergonovine

[Note: This isn’t a complete list, and there could be other drugs that interact with Metoprolol Tartrate. Make sure to tell your doctor about any prescription, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal products you’re taking.]

Metoprolol Tartrate Alternatives

• Coreg (carvedilol)
• Zestril (lisinopril)
• Benazepril (lotensin)
• Tenormin (atenolol)
• Bystolic (nebivolol)
• Corgard (nadolol)
• Inspra (eplerenone)
• Betaxolol
• Bisoprolol
• Labetalol
• Acebutolol
• Captopril
• Chlorthalidone
• Hydrochlorothiazide
• Doxazosin (cardura)
• Clonidine (catapres)
• Amlodipine (norvasc)
• Ranolazine (ranexa)

[Note: Your doctor will choose what’s best for you. Don’t use any of these alternative medications without consulting your healthcare provider. Taking them by yourself may cause serious side effects.] 

Frequently Asked Questions For Metoprolol Tartrate

Do I have to take Metoprolol Tartrate for the long term?

The duration for taking Metoprolol Tartrate depends on your medical condition and your healthcare provider’s advice. It is often prescribed for long-term use to manage chronic conditions like hypertension and heart disease. If you have any doubts regarding the use of this medication, you can talk to your doctor. Always remember to follow your doctor’s instructions regarding the duration of treatment, and avoid taking the medication without consulting your healthcare provider.

What happens if I chew or crush Metoprolol Tartrate tablets?

Chewing or crushing Metoprolol Tartrate tablets can impact the way the medication is absorbed in your body. Doing so can release the drugs all at once, increasing the risk of side effects or reducing effectiveness. Due to this reason, it is important to swallow your tablets whole, with water, as directed by your doctor. If you have difficulty swallowing pills, discuss alternatives with your healthcare provider.

When is the best time to take Metoprolol Tartrate?

Metoprolol Tartrate should be taken with or immediately after meals to enhance absorption and reduce side effects. Depending on your condition, your medical practitioner may recommend taking it once or twice daily in the morning and at night. Consistency is key, so take it at the same time each day to maintain steady levels in your bloodstream for optimal effectiveness.

Can I eat chicken with Metoprolol Tartrate?

While there is no specific restriction on eating such foods with Metoprolol Tartrate, patients should remain mindful when consuming them. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that increases the levels of potassium in the blood, and foods such as meat, bananas, and sweet potatoes are rich in potassium. Therefore, before eating such meals, talk to your medical provider.

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